DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)

Deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid ar two chemical substances knobbed in transmittal communicable information from parent to offspring. It was cognise early into the 20th coulomb that chromosomes, the genetic actual of cells, adopted desoxyribonucleic acid. In 1944, Oswald T. Avery, Colin M. MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty concluded that DNA was the basic genetic component of chromosomes. Later, ribonucleic acid would be proven to regulate protein synthesis. (Miller, 139) DNA is the genetic material frame in most viruses and in all cellular organisms. Some viruses do not have DNA, but contain RNA instead. Depending on the organism, most DNA is found indoors a single chromosome analogous bacteria, or in some(prenominal) chromosomes like most other quick things. (Heath, 110) DNA smash toilet excessively be found outside of chromosomes. It ignore be found in cell organelles such as plasmids in bacteria, also in chloroplasts in plants, and mitochondria in plants an d animals. on the whole DNA molecules contain a set of linked units called nucleotides. apiece nucleotide is composed of three things. The first is a scar called deoxyribose. Attached to one end of the sugar is a inorganic phosphate assort, and at the other is one of several nitrogenous bases. DNA contains intravenous feeding nitrogenous bases. The first two, adenine and guanine, are look-alike-ringed purine compounds. The others, cytosine and thymine, are single-ringed pyrimidine compounds.

(Miller, 141) Four types of DNA nucleotides can be formed, depending on which nitrogenous base is involved. The phosphate grou p of each(prenominal) nucleotide bonds with! a carbon from the deoxyribose. This forms what is called a polynucleotide chain. throng D. Watson and Francis twirl proved that most DNA consists of two polynucleotide chains that are twisted in concert into a coil, forming a reprise helix. Watson and Crick also discovered that in a double helix, the pairing between bases of the two chains is... If you want to descend a full essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

If you want to get a full essay, visit our page: write my paper