Marketing project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

merchandise project - Essay ExampleThe product spread to these countries due to the high population of the Islamic raft who believe in their religion and great dealnot question their faith. The focus depart be how to penetrate into the European country.The bearing grocery for the HALAL brand result be the Muslim people who believe in what is stipulated in the Quran to constitute a lawful meet among the Muslim religion. The brand position to be adoptive is pricing the product high to presage the quality of the product (Cadogan, 2009). Messages would be sent to respective consumers notification them how the product is of high value to their health.In Qatar, the target customers have got different social-economic status as come up as the variance in consumption rates due to the difference in preference and tastes. In this case, American will produce varieties of Halal meat putting into consideration the multinational diversity of the market separateation.The current price of th e Halal meat brand products like Baklava range is approximately $15.99. Though it can be seen as expensive, the underlying pricing objectives for the increase in price are to generate more profit from the sales, to meet the production and distribution costs and finally to demonstrate the products superior quality. The company will lower the price in future to increase further the read as the law of demand and supply dictates.The objectives underlining the product promotion will be to increase the number of sales, attraction of more consumers, parent the brand identity and recognition of the brand in the market. The company will select the best segment and design effective and sufficient strategies to facilitate the creation of consumers value and profitable customer relationships. American will utilize psychographic segmentation where it will target its client based on beliefs, religion, lifestyles, personal characteristics and

Womens Right (Equal Right Amendment) Research Paper

Womens Right (Equal Right Amendment) - Research Paper ExampleThis synchronized and yet fitful movement by women activists, suffragists and liberationists precipitated for the advent of an epic legal victory that resulted benefits that scores of generations of women have enjoyed. In this paper, the root will outline, examine and interpret the womens rights movement in America. Of violateicular importance here is the conception and the many hindrances that the Equal Rights Amendment of the United States Constitution has confronted throughout the years. The aim of this scholarly treatise is non only to leave pertinent information regarding the women rights advocacy but also to demonstrate insightful ideas and recommendations for the now and the future. Historical primer coat In 1848, the first-ever Womens Rights Convention was held in Seneca Falls, New York. Abolitionists Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott spearheaded the two-day meeting of over 300 people who rallied for umpire and equality for women who were institutionally restricted from the rights and privileges of a citizen. The said convention generated the Declaration of Sentiments among other eleven resolutions denouncing dissimilarity and proposing suffrage. However, the nation was far from ready to seriously pay attention to the issue of womens rights and thought that the resound for justice was not only ridiculous but also a worthless endeavor (Becker 39). aft(prenominal) the Civil War, while the constitutional reformation centered on giving freedom to the slaves, Susan B. Anthony and Sojourner Truth, as wellhead as the already-veteran Stanton, fought for the legal ground of providing the same well-behaved and policy-making rights that men enjoy to the American woman. Citing the fourteenth and 15th Amendments of the Constitution that the right to vote shall not be deprived to citizens on basis of their race, excuse and previous states of servitude, these women freedom fighters und erscored the obvious and utter neglect of women in the laws of the land (Whitney 57). In 1872 during the presidential election, Anthony set down her ballot in one of the poll precincts in New York invoking her right as a citizen as provided in the 14th Amendment. Her somehow rebellious act prompted her arrest, conviction and a penalty of $100, which she refused to pay. On the other hand, the Supreme Court decision in Minor versus Happersett (1875), pronounced that while women may be citizens, not all citizens are necessarily allowed to vote. Stanton, Mott, Anthony, Truth and the rest of the women abolitionists and suffragettes during the time passed their lifetime without experiencing the joys of participating in the political activities of the nation. Yet certainly, their monumental efforts were never put to waste. The Movements Gaining Momentum The past century dictum the exponential increase of the number of women who joined in the workforce. This strong power base for women in cited them to take part in the movement for social progress and reform, and eventually for a revived call for the right of suffrage. steadfast halling, frequent street marches, deliberate political boycotts, massive picketing at the White House and widespread civil obedience showed how serious the women during this period to achieve their impassioned goal to participate in the political personal business of the country and to cast their ballots. Millions of women collaborated to send their message to the national government, and most of them even went out of their way to lobby their causes in Congress. It was Carrie Chapman and the National American Woman Suffrage Association who emerged as leaders during this period of the American feminist movement. Although these demonstration strikes (proof that democracy was working in the American

Research paper on recent mnc acquisition Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

On recent mnc acquisition - Research Paper ExampleThe annual sales of Alcon in 2009 was above USD 6.6 single million million million and its operating profit stood everywhere USD 2.2 billion while net income was over USD 1.99 billion. The acquisition of the Alcon will give Novartis the opportunity to expand its portfolio in the eye care segment where on that point is a latent potential for growth due to aging population and globalisation of emerging markets. The feature portfolio of Alcon and Novartis can now tackle a broad range of untapped demands in this segment. The most beta thing to note about the success of this acquisition is the complementary pharmaceutical portfolios of these two companies that filled the gaps surrounded by the back and frontal eye. It also has the chance to gain leverage form its strong global brands in eye lens. Financial impact In April 2008, Novartis and near entered into agreement for Nestles sale of 77% stake in Alcon. It was divided in two s tages stage one required Novartis acquiring 77% majority stake in Alcon from Nestle by paying $168 per share taking the deal to $ 38.7 billion. In this stage Novartis acquired 25% stake in Alcon for $ 10.5 billion. In the second stage, Novartis acquired remaining 52% stake from Nestle for $ 28.4 billion. The majority stake cost Novartis $ 38.69 billion that includes adjustments for interest and dividend. The initial 25% stake was financed by $ 17 billion in cash and $ 13.5 billion was financed by bonds. Remaining $ 8.19 billion was financed by US technical papers. The weighted average external financing cost stood at 2.5% per year as on promenade 2010. With 77% stake in the majority ownership of Alcon, it will consolidate Alcons financial argument into Novartis financial reporting. Preliminary assessment shows that initial 25 % stake in Alcon need to be re- pass judgmentd to its fairish value. Such revaluation will result in $ 200 million gain for Alcon. The additional amortis ation before tax of intangible assets stood at $ 2.2 billion per year. The four month analysis of balance airplane of Alcon in 2010 till April estimates Alcons value at $ 200 million including increased inventory. Over the undermentioned three years after acquisition, the onetime cost to achieve a synergy of approximately USD 199 million is expected to be around $ 139 million including transaction and other charges. bill Requirements for Business Combination Accounting requirements for combination of business requires parent entity to prepare a consolidated financial statement that includes the report of wholly(a) subsidiaries. However, this does not mean that the subsidiaries are excluded from presenting consolidated reports. All items must be accounted for at fair value including investments. In case of shared power as in case of joint ventures, the consent of all parties will be required. For acquisitions, it is extremely important for the acquirer to determine the timing and the nature of acquisition. The profits and losings as a result of intra-firm transactions between Novartis and Alcon including treatment of fixed assets and inventories must be eliminated. The account for contingent asset or liabilities and subsequent adjustment at fair value is also one of the challenging aspects in case of business combinations. Other factors to care of during business combination include pre-acquisition contingencies treatment, interaction of accountancy standards between the acquirer and the acquired, treatment of intangible assets (including goodwill), treatment of risk management, proper disclosures under accounting policies, treatment of

The Needs of Native Americans in Modern Day America Essay

The Needs of autochthonic Americans in innovational Day America - Essay ExampleThe present twenty-four hour period American society banks largely on these Native Americans. It is because of these Native Americans that the basic culture and societal values of America are alive today. The trends and postulate of these Native Americans are such that they require enounce of the art healthcare and educational needs, and they also motive to remain in line with the attainment of the normal, day to day necessities, all of which are significant towards the domains of the Native Americans (Young, 1994). These needs keep on changing with the passage of time, however what is important is the fact that the modern day America learns a thing or two out of this composition of Native Americans within its folds. It is virtually time that these Native Americans are given their rights so that America as a whole could avail from the very same undertakings.The problems that these Native Americans face are of a magnanimous nature. They comprehend that these problems are not entirely of their own making and hence they deserve much better at the hands of the government activity who enact policies and draft resolutions that are taken up within the supreme houses of the government nonetheless. The courts of law and otherwise quintessential bodies within the state also need to pull up their socks and do their best at bringing a sense of solace and comfort for the sake of these Native Americans. The solutions to these problems could be understood when the state is serious in giving these Native Americans their due. It would mean that the government is now ready to draft policies which will look after the needs of these people as well as make the institutions powerful, all of which essentially look after the well-being of the general public and not just the Native Americans alone.It would be let to state the both national and local level policies must be changed for the better. This could mean more branch and development to occur within the relevant ranks. It

Procces to practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Procces to practice - Essay Examplethe floor, the viewer is just able to skirt near it, for my suspending object from the ceiling and the wall plays with the visual of weight, drop and breakable. For example, during the process of my experiments with the various mediums and finding a panache to represent, I made two different sorts of object, in one object I made amalgamates set around it, following works (intimately object, a chair and the dead body). This type of composition identifies with the quote, Three dimensional works by minimalist artists use wide range both the surrounding space and the viewer. Hence, I desire to establish the relationship between the sculptures processes and materials used and the idea of making uncanny objects.Nevertheless, in nigh of my works I did not incorporate space since, You cannot understand the place without being capable of judgment take in and to understand form you must be capable of understand space. These include works much(prenomina l) as Au nature, and untitled water object. In terms of material, I used particular materials much(prenominal) as an everyday object, cement, water, and the plastic bag, latex, fruit and here they act as properties in determining the form of my objects. This is a new exploration just like, In the twenty century arts began to explore new recourse in a quest to discover what sculpture could be and what it could be made for.As mentioned above cement is one of the materials I have used in my work. Cement is a dead, waterproofed material often used for outdoor sculpture, building and big scale it can directly onto a supporting structure, pattern and object. First, I mixed plaster powder with water, which is fast sited, I practiced as a construction material of the making mould. Then, I used water, which is as a significant authoritative material in my recent works. It is an element of nature that brings specific aesthetic qualities. I also used fruit, which is an organic material and rot material. In terms of technique and material,

Bipolar Disorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Bipolar Disorder - Essay manakinExperts have been unable to define a specific cure for bipolar disorder. However, certain agents argon commonly used in managing the limit. Patients experiencing depression may rely on antidepressants such as Lexapro and Prozac. Usually, antidepressants have the capacitor to increase the activity of the brain cells. In other cases, patients may rely on anti-manic agents when experiencing the manic episodes. However, anti-manic drugs are combined with lithium, an agent that prevents the recurrence of the different episodes. Researchers have highlighted that genetic factors contribute to the development of bipolar disorder. authentic factors that trigger the development of bipolar disorder may be inherited by the offspring from parents. Parents with the fountain are likely to pass it to their children at a 25% probability. Neurochemical factors also contribute to the development of bipolar disorder. Specifically, neurotransmitters in certain parts of the brain may fail to function in the normal way. In other cases, psychological factors may alter the functioning of neurotransmitters. Environmental factors such as traumatic events occurring in the early stages of life may also contribute to the development of bipolar disorder (Parachin, 2014). Notably, there are existing barriers to the treatment and management of bipolar disorder. The fact that there is no specific medication for the condition that works in every individual is one of the outstanding barriers.

To what extent dose the HR Business Partner value to the Organization Essay

To what issue dose the HR Business Partner value to the Organization - Essay specimenThe HR craft partner model is a result of Ulrichs HRM model that views HR as a strategic partner in business and share disposalal vision and goals. In the present plow HR business partner concept has been explored in detail in order to take care the extent of value this concept adds to an organisations growth and development. To achieve this, theoretical base of HR business partner concept needs to be traced so that the pattern of its development provides good reason to understand the importance and value that HR business partners carry. Further, contribution that HR business partners make in heterogeneous organisational functions/activities provide an understanding of their roles. Organisational functions such as strategic management and planning, performance management, human resource management, organisational design, kitchen-gardening and communication are respective(a) spheres where HR business partners influence can be felt. Issues and concerns faced by HR business partners would further help in assessing their value add in organisation. Many examples from literary productions and research provide ample data and facts related to effectiveness of HR business partners as healthful as issues/concerns faced by HR and operations executives. Situations where HR business partners failed to create effective federation are mentioned. Factors that impact HR business partnership such as relationship, communication, HR competencies, cultural influence, lead etc pretend been judged in order to understand how HR business partner model can be made more effective in achieving desired organisational and HR objectives. Finally, conclusions and probable recommendations found on various aspects explored in this discourse have been outlined. Theoretical bases for HRBP concept Human resource professionals as business partners that provided the pricker for organisational perform ance was first emphasized by Dave Ulrich (Boroughs, Hunter & Palmer, 2008). Ulrichs foundation to HR model was based on his statement, HR should be defined not by what it does but by what it delivers the results that enrich the organisations value to customers, investors, and employees (1998 p.29). Based on this, Ulrich proposed four key roles for HR professionals, namely, strategic partner, administrative expert, employee champion, and variety show agent. Through each of these roles, Ulrich reinforced the significance of HR professionals in organisational performance. In fact, a variety of roles of HR have been proposed by different management specialists. Ulrichs model provides a concise and consolidated theoretical account for actual contribution that HR professionals can make to the growth, development and sustenance of an organisation in a systematic and understandable fashion. As strategic partners, HR professionals are actively involved in formulating plans and reservatio n decisions that are strategically inclined to the business and/or usable activities. In fact, HR business partners have specific duties in each of the four roles specified in Ulrichs model (Hunter, 2005). As strategic partners, HR professionals are involved in framing HR strategies in line with organisational goals and objectives specific operational objectives are also considered while framing the strategies. Critiques, which include Ulrich also, have argued that the HR roles in this model literally mean HR functions, and not limited to specific roles. However, many

Views on the U.S. Constitution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Views on the U.S. administration - inquiry Paper ExampleThe first three points out clear-cut rights and responsibilities of the three branches of the soilal presidential term, the legislative branch, the decision maker branch. The fourth is about the states and their rights as well. In all the provisions covered by the four major(ip) parts, it is clear that these are still very general. This may be considered as a sign that the government itself, led by the Founding Fathers, was still wanting in experience. However, as an outline of governance, it passel be said that the US personality had already provided the bases of what kind of society and estate would be built in the succeeding years. It is clear that its macrocosm less detailed had become an advantage. This provided the succeeding governments and policymakers the opportunity to introduce amendments to the Constitution itself and to create laws that would further add substance to it. Aside from the role of legislation in improving the Constitution, the juridical branch also contributed to making it more applicable to current realities. This is done through judicial reviews, wherein the controlling Court interprets the Constitution and applies it in order to judge certain cases. If no such judicial reviews or legislation were done, the US Constitution would certainly be inadequate and as a document that was created right off after the country was founded, it would have lost its relevance already. The major strengths of the US Constitution may not be found in its original version or the one ratified in 1787. Instead, it can be found in the succeeding amendments made, particularly the Bill of Rights. It is in the Bill of Rights that every citizen in the country is granted is assured of his rights as a both as a human being and as an American. The Bill of Rights is essentially what makes the Constitution and the country not just democratic in dustup but also in practice. The original version that was ratified in the early years of the nation was basically meant to establish a governmental organization so that the business of ruling a country could immediately begin. It was only correct that such c one timern was immediately addressed more than anything else at that time. However, once the government is in place, it was urgent that the rights of the citizens be immediately enshrined in the Constitution. In concomitant, the great strengths of the US Constitution lie in the civil and political freedoms it accords citizens (Blau & Moncada18). The original US Constitution definitely had many flaws and weaknesses. single glaring weakness was that there was no Bill of Rights at all. Again, this may be explained by the fact that the framers of the Constitution were more concerned with the organization of the government, which was only natural considering that the country had just been established and a sovereign state had to take over. This weakness, however, was promptly taken c are of with the First Amendment and the rest of the Bill of Rights. The US Constitution still has a weakness though. It is clear that the states have been granted with too many rights that it would expect that the federal government would not be able to perform its responsibilities the well (Kommers & Finn 39). The federal government has to identify to the will of the states whose perspectives may be based more on what they individually see as distinct governing bodies instead of being a part of one nation.

Global strategic management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Global strategic management - Research Paper Examplerkets as centres for consumerism and innovation, improvement of productivity in the developed market, expansion of global networks, the issue of sustainability and the strengthening of role of read as a business partner (McKinsey, 2014).The purpose of this paper is to describe these forces in details to see to it their expected outcome on the future of the business. There may be many other forces that slew shape the nature of the business and society in the future. However, this paper only limits itself to the five above mentioned forces as they are expected to create maximum impact on the business activities.Global forces have been set forth as external forces which creates significant which are beyond the control of the business. The global business environment is fill with examples where business enterprises have missed global trends and they have not been able to survive in the long-run. For the weather ten years there has been a massive change in the consumer market. The role of the Western economies curiously the U.S.A. as a dominant centre for consumerism and innovation has fallen. This has been accompanied by an equivalent rise of the appear economies as a centre for consumerism. It has been observed that Asian countries especially India, China, Indonesia, Vietnam and Latin American countries like Brazil, genus Argentina and Chile have made significant progress in terms of overall GDP harvest-feast of the country and the overall level of standard of living (Vlad, et al., 2011). The per capita income of the middle-class people have increased comfortably in these countries. This in turn have raised the purchasing power of the people and boosted consumerism.In an trial-and-error research that has been done by Kharas and Gertz (2010) that in the decade of 80s and early 90s the high income countries of the OECD which had accounted for 80% of the global output and captured majority of the world eco nomic growth rate. It has been estimated that by 2009 the divvy up of the

Perfomance standards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Perfomance standards - Essay ExampleThe historical overview of Westin St. Francis was traced to as early as the 1902s which require the hotel more than 112 years to date (The Westin St. Francis, 2014).The initial step in performance evaluation is to identify the theorize standards based on the essential functions as expected of the position. The basic responsibilities of a doorman at a hotel include (1) recognise the guests at arrival and even during departure through the provision of squeamish, warm, and prompt armed service (2) assists in handling luggage of guests from any mode of transportation to indorsement to the Bellman (3) provides appropriate responses to the quests regarding inquiries on hotel allowances and facilities prior to endorsement to the front desk personnel.(1) Greet the guests as soon as they arrive within the neck of the woods of the hotel by stating Welcome to The Westin St. Francis. I am . I would be glad to be of service to you. Likewise, when the gu ests ar to depart from the hotel, the doorman should indicate Thank you so much for choosing The Westin St. Francis to serve you. We look forward to cosmos of serve to you in the near future.This standard would improve service quality through expressly communicating to the guests how welcome they are in the hotel and how the service personnel are glad to address their accommodation requirements. As such, the warm and prompt greeting would indicate high quality of service that could provide client satisfaction through the provision on immediate response on various inquiries and concerns. As such, the measured and observable components of this performance standard are as follows greeting in a warm and courteous manner (quality measure) greeting in a prompt manner with assistance to the luggage (time measure) prompt greeting at arrival and departure (time measure).(2) Assists in handling luggage of guests from any mode of transportation to endorsement to the Bellman.

International Business Law Assessment Assignment

International Business Law Assessment - Assignment ExampleIn addition, the new generation business law include, market contestability which mainly focuses on anti competitive port and market contestability which deals with abuse of dominant position (Emerson 2009, p.78-80). Note however that, the arbitration system and enforcement capacities also spend a penny a role to play as far as business law is concerned. Under this ambit are the commercial courts and the specialized economic courts. They come in when transactions between parties are not honored and to a larger extent interpret business law to the affected parties. Business scarce like each other discipline which involves interaction between two or more parties cannot be wholly exonerated from instances of conflicts. This confirms the essentialities in existence of the two types of courts mentioned. To expound on our introductory classification on the already mentioned dimensions of business law, bussines law attempts to a ddress diverse issues in a business. It alters swift and efficient enforcement of contracts ensures adequate legal protection to both private and personal plaza. It ensures clear project work and mechanisms for transferring and registering property. Furthermore, it also sees to it that rational property get due protection and enforcement. Business law ensures stability and the existence of a frame work able to accommodate the management, oparations and establishment of companies. It foresees sound and secured regimes that can enable transactions making a business be able to obtain credit. Lastly, bussines law ensures a relatively easy and transparent market. To become with, contract laws emphasis the fact that agreements made between or among parties in a transaction mustiness be honored. This has mechanisms in place to ensure that parties uphold their terms of agreement throughout the transaction session. These laws protect mostly those transactions that are long term in na ture. For example, an infrastructure contract between a company and the government. Such contract whitethorn span for several years which qualifies the need for mechanisms to be stage in place to guide both parties during work progress until it is completed. Violation of any of these terms by any of the trading partners means that a contract law has been broken and this necessitates a further shout from the affected partner. beget laws also give a contracting partner the constitutional right to grapple if the other partner is credit worthy. This factor plays a role in preventing future payment disputes in case of defaults from any of the parties. This law ensures that there are mechanism and measures which are in place to enable debt recovery in circumstances of payment defaults. This may apply to scenarios where payments are made through cheques that bounce. Contract law empowers the courts to collect debts if such scenarios of payment default arise. Secondly there is high rega rd to property ownership which is protected in business law under the personal property rights. These states that the owner of any property has got the due constitutional authority to sell, exchange, transfer or even consume his property. Property may be listed as buildings, land, physical possessions and also intellectual property which majorly encompass innovations of mind such as music or any other invention. For instance, a

Code of Conduct for Westinghouse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Code of Conduct for Westinghouse - Essay Exampleys competitive transmission line environment, the need to have a definitive institutional culture that customers and other stakeholders are familiar with is precise important. The importance of such an act is in the fact that it soak ups customers and stakeholders more comfortable in transacting business with the organization because once they are in the premises and into business with the organization, they know what to expect. An organizational culture that revolves around a regulated code of conduct also has the potential of ensuring that the culture that is built is one that is built on the principles and core values of trust, respect for stakeholder, honesty and commitment towards duties. The resulting factor in that respectfore being increased productivity.In the specifics, the kind of code of conduct that will be most ideal for Westinghouse ought to be one, that puts the customer first. To this effect, cater and all employe es have to come to the realization that the customer is the single most important entity of the company. This is of course an effrontery that unavoidably not be explained further or needs to be compromised because it is the collective transactions that customers make with the company that ensures the existence and growth of the company (Westinghouse, 2012). To this end, the customer relations status of the company needs to be strengthened at all levels of the organizational hierarchy. As long as it is the customer the employee is having an interaction with, there will be the need to ensure that there is a very high level of discretion and respect. As much as possible, the customer should be right in all instances. The customer needs to be given the first attention. This means that instead of receiving a private call for instance, the employee needs to for go that and attend to the customer who is in the queue. Again, under no circumstance must the customer feel that his or her pr ecious time is being wasted at the premises of the company. To achieve, the code of

In What Circumstances Can a State Lawfully Resort to the Use of Essay

In What Circumstances Can a State Lawfully Resort to the Use of forces Force in Response to an Attack from a Non-State Actor - Essay ExampleUnderstanding the dilate of the circumstances as well as how champion can respond to specific attacks is essential not only with the mechanics of how to respond but also with how this associates with the different effects which occur when one responds. This look into study will investigate the basic regulations, exceptions and the different laws which create substitute(a) mechanics toward responding from an attack of a non state issueor. Legalities of Military Force Article 51 of the United Nations charter is the basic concept that identifies when one can respond to other with self vindication. In this article, it states that if the inherent rights of the individual are attacked then on that point is the right to react with self defense force toward the non state actor. However, there are also implications of international stilln ess and security with the expectation that one will pass the attack through the UN ahead beginning action. The exact to restore and keep international peace and security then stupefy all important(p) with the self defense and the way in which this creates a specific alternative to the international needs. While there is the ability to act with group or self defense, the concept of international peace and security remain as important when deciding to use military force against an individual1. The first implication which allows one to respond with self defense is if the approach is an armed attack, which makes one a victim to the attack. An armed attack is inclusive of a military attack or operation that uses force in another state. This also includes bombardment with the use of weapons, blockades of another state, an attack with armed forces, acts of aggression and mercenaries that are sent to perform military actions. Each of these instances causes one to become a victim of th e actions and constitute the right to react with military force against the other state for self defense. It is noteworthy that there are instances which do not consist of military or armed attacks, including diplomatic missions, cyber attacks, supplies of financial or intelligence resources or frontier incidences. These do not cause one to be a victim of the attack and do not justify countermeasures as they are not proportionate with the violations that occur. There are also implications that the attack essential be toward territory or warships and not toward nationals or diplomats as these are not a threat to the self defense of a country2. The use of self defense and the legalities which are associated with this continue with the requirements that are met for a reaction. The first of these is the necessity, meaning that there is no alternative means of redress, such as a treaty or other form of diplomacy. The second is ground on the proportionality. If there is another means of changing the process from self defense, then the attack must not be repealed and proportions need to be altered. The need to have immediacy is also a type of the regulations with the understanding that this needs to be flexible until there is permission to move forward. It should also be noted that the actions cannot take place unless an action has already caused the state to become a victim. One cannot act preemptively before the threat or the attack occurs as there is not an understanding of

Video Case Meredith Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Video Meredith - Case Study ExampleAnother key versatile is interest, as this helps define what kind of products they are interested in, as many of the magazines, special interest publications and advertisements are pited around specific interests. Finally, recent merchandise efforts have focused on life events, what factors are changing in the life of the consumer, such as whether they are having a baby or are button up to retirement in order to segment the market.Meredith uses survey techniques to get in touch with customers, asking them a wide range of questions including what they do and do not like in the magazines, editorial interests, and where they are in their life. This allows them to build a comprehensive picture of the needs and desires of consumers, their interests and their passion and what they desire in a magazine. The marketing department feels that with the wide range of products now available it is important to have substantial knowledge of the target market. Merediths database is large, having 85 million entries, and allows them to reach eight taboo of ten home owner. As a consequence of this wealth of information, Meredith uses targeted marketing, in particular straight mail to advertise to customers. They use this to dispatch out direct mail offers to consumers on the database that are targeted around this information. Their marketing techniques are very direct, and they prefer to send out a limited phone number of targeted direct advertisements and offers than a large number of broad ones. The direct mail they send is more than simply advertisements, instead the mail contains offers on a large number of products and publications that the consumer is likely to be interested in based on the database information. As a consequence, there is a much higher chance of the consumer responding to the advertising than to non-targeted or mass advertising.Because of their wide database and ability to data mine and analyze the information that is contained within it, Meredith has been

Pearl Harbor in relation to Mission Command Structure Term Paper

Pearl hold in in relation to Mission Command Structure - Term melodic theme ExampleClosely fol humiliateding is the authority and capacity to issue actionable assertions within the chain of command in order to accomplish a mission. Team building is a very critical segmentation of every mission because every soldiers life is put in the hands of others in the course of accomplishing a mission as well as ensuring the teams endurance. This need to ensure its own survival by humans led to the formation of groups mainly along family and clan lines. The modern military is a more organized structure with in societies that ensures the survival of their people groups and their interests. In an driving to function efficiently these groups developed structures that ensured its survival and order. Pearl Harbor is a classic example of nations fighting for resources in an effort to further its interests and betterment. Groups in primitive societies merged with other similar groups to increas e their capacity to increase in wealth (Black). The same thing still happens to date even after these groups had fully evolved into kingdoms and nations. There their self-renunciation systems also evolved into national armies as fighting groups were consolidated into one centralized and bollock fighting group. These formal fighting groups fought on behalf of their societies and in return were rewarded with payment in terms of money, recognition and honor. Pearl Harbor was a high and glorious moment in history for the Japanese while it was a low one for the Americans, which plunged both countries into World War II. The success of the Japanese was however short-lived as it did not plan and strategies to destroy the whole naval base which cost them a lot. Many nations have at peace(p) into war in an effort to procure the better good of their citizens while many others have constrained by circumstances beyond their control to participate in wars. Command therefore originates from

Business ethics Essay Example for Free

descent cleans EssayIntroduction To twenty-four hour periodtimes human creations is continu on the wholey shrinking due to many factors, not the to the lowest degree of which is the rapid growth of transnational ancestry. Four specific interlinking phenomena are occurring which present new problems to earthwide vocation a) the increase in offshore banking transactions b) the continuing growth of multinational federations (MNCs) c) the increase instances of outsourcing stock activities offshore and d) the equally increasing instances of locating and using suppliers of genuines and services in develop countries.All quaternary of these phenomena are fueled by economics and they show no sign of abating anytime soon. Two aspects dealt in this physical composition are a) the existence of perceived corruption in global problem, including graft, kickbacks and preferential treatment and b) piece of work conditions that are considered un honourable by generally autho rized world quantitys. There are many other aspects of global condescension which lend themselves to respectable examination, placid they are not appropriate here. The climb narrown is to take care about of the principal respectable philosophies of the last two hundred years in relation to global business, as follows a) Immanuel.Kants Categorical Imperative b) early mer heaptilist philosophies c) disseminative jurist d) Ethical Relativism e) Integrative affectionate Contracts guess f) Virtue Ethics g) Confucian and Islamist morality and h) pragmatic climbes to international business moral philosophy. Then, by way of motifal anesthetic anesthetic comparisons, several local national situations are presented in order to clarify the problem. Finally, in order to take aim workplace moral philosophy specifically, the SA 8000 Social office normal is presented and analyzed as one approach to unbosom a widely recognized situation which required positive attention.Fu rtherj this standard is presented as a potential entry point toward growth a guest/supplier dialogue which may hole the contract of seduceulating a wholly new code of international business morals, not simply another western c erstpt grafted onto the developing world. 1 Key ethical theories and concepts Kants categorical imperative Immanuel Kants Categorical Imperative has arrest a mainstay in the study of morals for the past two hundred years and has wound up a considerable measuring of both support and objection.His assertion to act exactly according to maxims which you faeces will withal to be world-wide laws was seen to be in direct reaction to the relativist philosophies macrocosm propagated at that time and can as well(p) as be seen as a defense of free will which was being called into question as well. Marias points out that Kants purpose was to personalize morals, not necessarily to institutionalize morality. Kants ethics differentiate a moral person not necessarily a moral society which is a fall upon point in acting to apply Kantian ethics to our world. Significant problems fork up been found to exist not within Kants ethics further in its drills.Calder* perceives the lack of degrees of wrongness in Kants Categorical Imperative, stating that this is a study flaw in his ethics. Calders interpretation of Kant is that an act is either fulleousness ot wrong in a universal sense, not allowing for varying degrees. This would be a valid objection to Kantian ethics were it not for Kants tendency to personalize ethics and to make the individual person responsible for his or her own actions. In this sense, Kants ethics are indeed universal in the sense that each person must decide what is right and what is wrong.An argument could be made that in this sense, Kantian ethics can be use universally, provided with a less than satisfying sense of having identified a code of ethics that would fit same a sort of template over our world . It should also be noted that at the time Kant lived in the late 18 Century, our world was just being discovered as super diverse. European ethnocentrism was still really such(prenominal) in force and the un culturedized world was seen generally as a very undefined place.The intertwining effects of the growth of world trade, the rapid increases in colonialism and the onset of the industrial revolution aflame additional efforts to address the wad of the world at large. Early mercantilist philosophyThe various mercantilist philosophies which emanated from the growth of colonialism and world trade presented a somewhat different viewpoint to (11)Advances In direction Vol. 5 (3) Mar. (2012) ethics. In the minds of the mercantilists, civil society would contain markets which would be self-regulating and government, business and nonprofit organizations would unite to create cordial answerability systems which would contain self-enforcing codes of conduct reinforced by the concept o f shareh overageder and stakeholder pressures.These concepts tend to continue to the present day in many business textbooks. However, these early mercantilist philosophies, propounded in the heyday of expansionism by the worlds trading nations, pointedly did not consider what effects mercantilism would have on the rest, of the world. These mercantilist philosophies resultd a institution for the ontogeny of utilitarian ethics which would frame popular in the following century with the writings of Jeremy Bentham and butt Stuart MilP and which would eventually become the summary policy-making philosophy of the British government throughout the colonial years and up to the present day. Distributive JusticeThe rapid growth of complex economic systems together with the shrinking of the social world gave put up to the concept of distributive justice. The concept has its origins in David Hume and John Locke and continues today in the writings of modern philosophers John Rawis and Ro bert Nozick. The internationalization of the world economy has further spurred discussion concerning how distributive justice powerfulness be applied to international business.Unlike the ethics of early mercantilist philosophies and classical utilitarianism which both fit uneasily in the world of international business, there has been quite a lot of discussion concerning the ethics of distributive justice in this context. The principal questions tend to revolve around how (or whether) gains from international trade get distributed both within and amid countries* and whether or not basic human rights are observed in the practice of international business. This endorsement question has also been expanded to discuss whether international business as a function has the bargain to offer help to the inhabitants of developing countries within which they do business.Both concepts would seem foreign to the mercantilists and would pose bungling questions to the utilitarians. Ethical Rel ativism The next logical stage of development in the thinking of international business ethics was termed ethical relativism.To put the best face on it, this concept developed as a acknowledgment of the multifaceted cultural and social nature of todays world and of the inherent difficulties todays international business person experiences in attempting to deal with these differences. However, as many authors have pointed out, ethical relativism can be seen as moral approach to business, using cultural differences as an excuse to practice unethical behavior which might not be acceptable in ones own society. The ethical relativism stage of international business ethics exists but does so in a weakened position due to criticisms leveled against it. Integrative Social Contracts Theory An effective response to ethical relativism in international business has been a unify of ethical relativism and universally recognized ethical principles at least universally recognized in the oc cidental world into a concept that has become known as integrative social contracts theory (ISCT).--* Under this concept, certain universal ethical concepts would provide the basis for an ethical code of conduct for international business with the recognition of the validity of certain local ethical practices with the provision that in the event of conflict between the two, universal ethical principles would take precedence. This blending of ethical concepts satisfied most participants in international business activities but not all. One criticism leveled against ISCT is the problem of using empirical methods to discover and define what the authentic norms of a particular culture might be.The approach taken by most ISCT practitioners lays open to question the overall effectiveness of a purely empirical approach, subject as it is to misinterpretation and lack of complete knowledge and understanding. As a result, critics of ISCT tend to call for a revival of the universal ethical pr inciples that ISCT has largely replaced, causing discomfort especially in the developing world which has never been all in all comfortable with espousing the universal ethical code of designer colonizing powers. Virtue Ethics One possibility of a usable ethical code is the application of justice ethics to international business.This concept would speculate ethics base on the moral character of the peck involved in international business. Clearly, fairness ethics appeals to those who wish the right thing to be make consistently and studies have attempted to apply the concept to the international business arena. * Virtue ethics has also been proposed as a tool that international organizations could use to fight corruption. Nonetheless, it remains undeniable that virtue ethics is grounded in ones own culture and moral beliefs and would necessarily provide a weak tool to uprise any sort of international business ethics code.Confucian and Islamic ethics applications One has only to look at the major cultures of the world to discover old and well developed codes of ethics. One such ancient culture chinaware has adhered to Confucian ethical concepts for centuries. Magee* notes that philosophy, including ethical thought, proceeded in China unhindered by established religions, as was the case in the West and therefore developed a thoughtful ethical philosophy deeply seated in Chinese culture. Yew Chan* points out that succession most Confucian ethical thought parallels Western ethical thought, there are some significant divergences.Interestingly, one of the principal differences from the Chinese point of view has to do with the West placing results ahead of ethical concerns. Also, the importance of social harmony which takes on a characteristic of ethics in Confucian culture is emphasized in China while downplayed in the West. (12)Advances In Management Vol. 5 (3) Mar. (2012) Another old and well established body of ethics is found in the Middle East, n orthern Africa and southeast Asia in the ethical traditions of Islam.The Islamic tradition highly values such concepts as trust and benevolence and makes a major point of including justice and social balance in its code of ethics. Most of these concepts have their basic roots in pre-Islamic Arab culture based in turn on Bedouin culture, but they are reinforced by both the Koran and Sharia. pragmatic sanction approaches The various conflicts resultant from culture meeting culture in the international business world and the true result of developed societies coming out on top (with the notable exception of the international oil colour industry) has generated a movement termed the United Nations sustainable development initiative. This convergence of business, political and ethical concerns and interests is the most fresh attempt to make things right in the international business world in the face of increasing world poverty and hunger and undeniable global ine tone of voice. The most recent ethical solution proposed to depart to set things right internationally is called the language of rights. *,This solution which flnds its roots in distributive justice, identifies the multinational corporation as one of the principle change agents and focuses on the capabilities of all concerned rather than on finding blame.The emphasis is on denning and promoting the positive rights of all concerned. International Business Applications From a practical point of view, however, all of these concepts are somehow found wanting. The realities of wide chasms between the developed world and the developing world which in many instances is not developing at all, relatively disquisition tends to make nonsense of any attempts to enunciate and superimpose any sort of universal ethical code on the whole world.In the old days of colonialism, the Western powers and Japan simply took what they wanted through dint of force and in the present day of neocolonialism these same powers in the persons of international business carry on that tradition in an updated manner.Appeals to post- gatheringal moral reasoning, in efforts to induce multinational corporations to develop mature corporate ethics in dealing with developing countries, have met with mixed results. Claims of widespread corruption in international business has stimulated a considerable amount of activity both in academia and in international organizations, although strong arguments have been made that bribery and corruption are not cultural characteristics, as they have so often been called, but symptoms of cultural breakdowns under the pressures of a malfunctioning economy.The local gift-giving customs in some cultures has been thoroughly examined and seem to be finally recognized as local custom and not necessarily as a form of graft. One viewpoint sparsely practiced in the search for some resolution of the international business ethics conundrum is viewing business practices from the perspecti ves of other cultures.Both Confuciani. st and Islamic ethical systems were very shortly noted above and cases drawn from the business experiences of people from a few speciflc countries are now examined by way of comparison in order to better understand the cultural diversity in todays international business environment. Post-apartheid South Africa presents an interesting case study as the only developed economy on the African continent and as the principal trading partner of many African countries. South Africa also presents a model for global multinational corporations in how to deal effectively with developing economies. Through a mixed strategy of business promotion and social involvement in these countries and by limited political involvement with government ministries. South Africa has developed a favorable reputation throughout most of sub-Saharan Africa by remaining pragmatic in dealing with local custom. Within that region, Nigeria has developed a form of virtue ethics ba sed on a communitarian notion of ethics which seems to work well for Nigerian businesses. Considering that Nigeria is the most economically successful of the black sub-Saharan economies and is the dominant force in West Africa, this application of communitarianism is having a positive effect on its culturally kindred neighbors and holds out hope for a symbol of regional ethical code in business. The case of Jordan, a relatively poor country turn up in the Mashriq area of the Middle East, shows mixed results when business ethics are examined. Similar to other countries in the region, Jordanian businessmen tend to bend their ethical activities toward what is practical under the pressures of reality which makes them not much different than other businessmen throughout the world. However, the active effect of Islamic ethics, as previously noted, has an meliorate effect on Jordanian business practices.India presents a more than interesting ethical picture. * While being largely Hind u in religion with significant minority groups, India is a country comprised of people speaking twenty-six different languages within two large ethnic groups. To consider India as a unmarried culture through which one can examine Indian business ethics would be completely misleading.As a result and considering the existence of under cultures throughout the Indian commonwealth, international business performed in India would need to carefully examine the various ethical codes in practice throughout the country in order to understand the culture and begin to apply any sort of integrative social ethical theory. Finally, Australia presents another interesting case study. Australia is a large country approximately the same (13)Advances In Management Vol. 5 (3) Mar.(2012) size as the forty-eight contiguous states in the United States but with the total population of not much more than Los Angeles and Orange Counties in California combined. Rich in natural resources but isolated from t he rest of the world by geography, Australia finds itself an essentially Asian country but with a European political, social and cultural tradition.As a result, Australian businessmen have had to learn how to do business with Asian cultures not by choice but of geographic necessity. Adjustments to doing business in Asian cultures has everlastingly been a problem for the Australian businessman, particularly when faced with unfamiliar or uncomfortable ethical situations. As a result, Australia can be seen in this sense as a microcosm of what international business people face. Social Accountability International As described above, the applications of ethical codes to international business have been techy at best.The reasons for this are varied, but seem to have a great deal to do with attempts to formulate universal ethical principles, albeit with the effort to formulate ISCT in order to accommodate at least some local cultural practices that might affect business ethics. A majo r reason behind this affliction may very well be that the various attempts have all been based on Western philosophical thought. Both Confucian and Islamist traditions possess functioning and effective ethical codes which seem to work well in those cultures.In 1997, Social Accountability International (SAI) published Social Accountability 8000, a involuntary standard that attempts to ensure humane workplaces worldwide. The standard was revised and updated in 2001. Rather than using the exhortative approach attempted up until that time by the International Labor Organization (ILO), SA8000 is a frank, open attempt to convince companies that it would be in their best business interests to become registered to this standard.It is based on international workplace norms of ILO conventions, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (saintl. org). It is an auditable certification standard and those companies which crack an init ial audit and which also represent compliance through successful semi-annual surveillance audits are include in a published list of SA 8000-registered companies. Audits are conducted by thirdparty auditing organizations accredited and overseen by Social Accountability Accreditation Services (SAAS). Provisions of SAAS a) Child labor No workers under the age of 15 minimum lower to 14 for countries operating under the ILO Convention 138 developing-country exception b) Forced labor No forced labor, including prison house or debt bondage labor no lodging of deposits or identity papers by employees or outside recruitersc) Health and safety Provide a safe and healthy work environment take steps to prevent injuries regular health and safety worker training system to detect threats to health and safety access to bathrooms and potable water. d) Freedom of draw and right to collective bargaining Respect the right to form and join trade unions and bargain collectively where law prohibits the se freedoms, facilitate parallel means of association and bargaining e) Discrimination No discrimination based on race, caste, origin, religion, disability, gender, sexual orientation, union or political affiliation, or ageNo sexual harassment f) Discipline No corporal punishment, mental or physical coercion or verbal abuse g) Working hours Comply with the applicable law but in any event, no more than 48 hours per week with at least one day off for every seven day period voluntary overtime paid as a premium rate and not to exceed 12 hours per week on a regular basis overtime may be mandatory if part of a collective bargaining agreement h) recompense Wages paid for a standard work, week must meet the legal and industry standards and be sufficient to meet the basic need of workers and their families no disciplinary reductionsi) Management systems Facilities seeking to gain and maintain certification must go beyond simple compliance to integrate the standard into their management syste ms and practices. The SA 8000 standard is a rather obvious carrot-andstick approach to flght the more blatant workplace abuses by creating a lawsuit of international honor roll of companies which have successfully undergone certification. Its introduction was greeted by a mixed answer amid fears that it was just another expensive piece of bureaucracy. However, within a few years the value of the SA 8000 standard was becoming apparent. Further, studies have shown that successful implementation of this standard as well as other similar standards have had the effect of improved international business in developing countries. The SA 8000 approach admittedly does not address all ethical concerns inherent in international business but it does address what can be considered the heart of the problem by attempting to bring workplace conditions in line with generally accepted international standards. As discussed, the issues of corruption in the exercise of international business are bei ng intercommunicate in part by the application of culturalethical standards, such as Confucian and Islamist practices and the more heinous practices have been so roundly (14)Advances In Management r Vol. 5 (3) Mar. (2012) condemned that they are either fading away or have been made well-publicized examples throughout the world. The hope is if workplace conditions can be brought up to an acceptable level, then the concept of discourse ethics can be put in play under which multinational corporations in partnership with their developing country suppliers can provide a theoretical justification for opening and maintaining a moral discourse which can then establish and reciprocally maintain ethical principles based on agreement and cooperation. This would be a truly revolutionary development and one which would create a wholly new code of international business ethics involving the customer and the supplier as cooperating partners. Conclusion In the wake of Enron, Tyco and other recent scandals which have severely shake the publics faith in our business leaders, corporate social function (CSR) has emerged as a serious topic of discussion in the business world. In addition, the popularity of such recent and graphic films as Lord of War, concerning weapons system dealing in Africa, Blood Diamond, also concerning this topic in Africa and The Constant Gardener, concerning corruption in the international Pharmaceuticals trade and once again in Africa, has raised the publics awareness of business corruption in developing countries.In addition, the rapid movement by Western companies to developing countries as a source of submit based on cheap labor has accentuated the previously invisible problem of working conditions in these areas. * new health threats concerning tainted pet food and leadbased toys from the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) have served to magnify the situation.American consumers, once complacent concerning the products they bought as long as they w ere cheap and worked, are becoming more concerned with the quality and inherent safety of these products and a connection seems to have been made in the publics mind with workplace conditions in the countries of origin. The challenge is to keep these issues out in the open until they are resolved. The success of the SA 8000 standard is a dear beginning toward instituting a true international discourse which has the potential of creating a new international business code of ethics which all people can buy into and follow a code of ethics which was not exported from developed countries, but one that would truly be an international code of ethics developed in partnership between customer and supplier.Such a mutually developed code of ethics would be-much more easily understood, would stand a much better chance of acceptance because the subjects would also be the formulators and would therefore offer a significantly higher chance of success. References 1. Al-Shaikh F. N. , The practic al reality theory and business ethics in non-Westem context Evidence from Jordan, The ledger of Management Development.22 (7/8), 679-693 (2003) 2. Beekun R. I. and Badawi J. A. , Balancing ethical responsibility among multiple organizational stakeholders The Islamic perspective. ledger of Business Ethics. 60 (2), 131-145 (2005) 3. Bendana A. , Shifting Paradigms of thought and power. Development. 47 (1), 22-26 (2004) 4. Beschomer T. and stamp M. , Social standards Toward an active ethical involvement of businesses in developing countries. diary of Business Ethics. 73 (1). 11-21 (2007) 5. Bruyn S. T. , The moral economy. Review of Social Economy, 57 (1), 25-46 (1999) 6. Calder T. , Kant and degrees of wrongness. diary of Value lnquiry. ,39 (2), 229-244 (2005) 7. Chung K. Y. , Ethical perceptions of business students Differences between East Asia and the the States among Confucian cultures Journal of Business Ethics. 79 (1/2), 121-133 (2008) 8. Derig Shengliang, A new look at ethi cs in International business. The International Executive. 34(2), 151-165 (1992) l 9. Everett J. , Neu D. and Rahaman A. S. , The global fight against corruption A Foucaultian, virtues-ethics framing. Journal of Business Ethics. 65 (1), 1-13 (2006) 10. Falkenberg A. W. , When in Rome moral maturity and ethics for international economic organizations.Journal of Business Ethics. 54 (1), 17-32(2004) 11. Flynn G. , The virtuous manager, A vision for leadership in business. Journal of Business Ethics. 78 (3), 359-372 (2008) 12. Gilbert D. U. and Rasche A. , discussion ethics and social answerableness The ethics of SA 8000, Business Ethics Quarterh, 17 (2), 187-216(2007) 13. Hartman C. L. and Beck-Dudley C. L. , Marketing strategies and the search for virtue A case analysis of The Body Shop, International Journal of Business Ethics. 20 (3), 249-263 (1999) 14. Hellston S. and Larbi G. A. , Public good or private good?The paradox of public and private ethics in the context of developing co untries. Public Administration Development. 26 (2), 135-146 (2006) 15. Hutchings K. and Murray G. , Family, face and favours Do Australians adjust to accepted business conventions in China? Singapore Management Review. 25 (2), 25-57 (2003) 16. Husted B. W. , A critique of the empirical methods of integratiye social contracts theory. Journal of Business Ethics. 20 (3), 227-236 (1999) 17. Jackson K. T. , Global distributive justice and the corporate duty to aid. Journal of Business Ethics, 12 (7), 547-553 (1993) 18.Kapstein E.B. , Distributing the gains Justice and international (15)Advances In Management Vol. 5 (3) Mar. (2012) trade. Journal of International Affairs. 52 (2), 533-566 (1999) 19. Lee M. and Ruhe J. A.. Ethical mindsets of Christianity and Confucianism A comparative study. International Journal of ValueBased Management, 12(1), 13-28(1999) 20. Leonard D. , Strong foundation solid future. Quality Progress, 41 (3), 30-36 (2008) 21. LeVeness F. P. and Primeaux P. D. , Vicar ious ethics Politics, business and sustainable development. Journal of Business Ethics, 51(2). 185-197(2004) 22. Limbs E. C. and Fort T. L., Nigerian business practices and their interface with virtue ethics. Journal of Business Ethics.26 (2), 169-180(2000) 23. Magee B. , The story of philosophy. New York, Dorling Kindersley (2001) 24. Malan D. , Corporate citizens, colonialists, tourists or activists? Ethical challenges facing South African corporations in Africa, The Journal of Corporate Citizenship. Summer. 18, 49-61 (2005) 25. Marias J. , History of Philosophy, New York, Dover Publications (1967) 26. Miles M. P. and Munilla L. S. , The potential impact of social accountability certification on marketing A short note. Journal of Business Ethics.50 (1). 1-8 (2004) 27. OECD, Bribery Does the OECD convention work? OECD Observer, 246/247, 20-21 (2005) 28. Olsen W. , Pluralist methodology for development economics The example of moral economy of Indian labour markets. Journal of Econo mic Methodology. 14 (1), 57-82 (2007) 29. Pedigo K. and Marshall V.. International ethical dilemmas confronting Australian managers Implications for the training and development of employees working overseas, Journal of European Industrial Training. 28 (2-4). 183-198 (2004) 30. Rohitratana K. , SA 8000 A tool lo improve quality of life. Managerial Auditing Journal. 17 (1/2).60-65 (2002) 31. Social Accountability International, Social Accountability 8000, New York (2001) 32. Thaler-Carter R. E. , Social accountability A social guide for companies or another layer of bureaucracy? HR Magazine. June. 107-112(1999) 33. Thompson Jr. A. A. , Strickland III A. J. and Gamble J. E.. Crafting and executing strategy text edition and readings. New York. McGraw Hill, Irwin (2007) 34.Van Dijk E.. Ethical relativism Escaping accountability. Financial Week, July, 35 (2007) 35. Velasques M. G.. Business ethics Concepts and cases. Upper Saddle River. NJ, Pearson assimilator Hall (2006) 36. Wettstein F., Lets talk rights Messages for the just corporation transforming the economy through the language of rights. Journal of Business Ethics, 78 (1-1), 247-264 (2008) 37.Wolff J.. An introduction to political philosophy. New York. Oxford University Press (2006) 38. Yew Chan G. K. , The relevance and value of Confucianism in contemporary business ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 77 (3). 347-361 (2008). (Received 8 December 2011, accepted lO February 2012) Advances In Management Individual Subscription Fellow membership Indian Rs. 20,000/- US Dollar 2000 Life social status Indian Rs. 10,000/- US Dollar 1000 yearly Membership Indian Rs. 3000/- US Dollar 300 Institutional Subscription Fellow Membership Indian Rs. 30,000/- US Dollar 3000 Life Membership Indian Rs. 15,000/- US Dollar 1500 Annual Membership Indian Rs.4000/- US Dollar 400 Please send your cheques / drafts in name of Advances In Management along with Membership Form at above address. (16)Copyright of Advances in Managem ent is the property of Advances in Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holders express indite permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use.

Experiences Of War Essay Example for Free

Experiences Of War EssayIt is serious for a soldier to recall and relate his or her experiences of war.During war, soldiers are often throw into a confronting and in the buff experience where they quickly learn about the true hardship and struggle of warfare. Being deployed onto new a surrounding, unpredictable events can occur which may lead to detrimental effects on soldiers physically and more(prenominal) importantly mentally. Especially after returning from a war, a solder can show bang-up signs of post dramatic stress due to the trauma that they had previously faced. These memories can have damaging effects, which may lead to different coping methods. War is an emotionally daunting task which can most decidedly be a difficult time for soldiers to recollection and recount their experiences of it. The results of war can be detrimental. Soldiers stake their lives and beyond the physical consequences of war, they often return with mental and emotional scarring.During war soldiers must adapt to everything that is round them. This means that they must become familiar with their surroundings and the people around them. War can sound up to months if not years. In this period of dramatic changes in lifestyle, soldiers are taught to specify to the extreme situations. warfare the new normal as they must learn to react and act quickly to certain sounds or orders. In the article Battle scarred, Chris Terill describes going to war as changes a mans enamor of the world it changes his view of himself, meaning that they adapt with like-minded comrades. However when the war is all over the hardest take apart for them is that they must eventually become civilians again.So sudden from a dog-eat-dog world, soldiers must quickly adjust to normal society again within the landing of the plane. This an obvious difficult task, which causes the soldiers to be traumatised which can really affect the abilities to recall their experiences. It is definitely confronting and difficult to conform and come to terms with normal life after the memories and experiences of war. Regret and fear can become a great factor in the influence of a soldiers behaviours post war. It is tremendously difficult for a soldier to cope with the fact that they have done something unforgivable by the time they return.

Locke vs Rousseau Essay Example for Free

Locke vs Rousseau EssayJohn Locke argued that a legitimate government would be validated through the take to of the people it governed and protected, specifically the protection of a citizens natural rights of life, liberty, and e deposit. He also believed that citizens had the right of rebellion in the event that a government was acting against the rights and interests of its citizens, ultimately allowing those governed to replace the government with another in the interests of the people. Locke believed that the assure of nature was that of happiness due to reason and tolerance. He argued that all people are equal and had no right to harm anothers life, liberty, or possessions. The arouse was formed by social contract because in the state of nature each was his own judge.Jean-Jacques Rousseaus beliefs influenced the creation of the socialist theory, which stressed the notion of government control. Concerning the state of nature, Rousseau argued that valet nature ultimate ly settles in to a brutish condition without law or morality. He believed that the human race adopted governing institutions and institutions of law to simply avoid perishing, arguing that in man is accustomed to competition in his natural state.By joining together in a social contract, individuals hold in the opportunity to preserve themselves and remain free. In terms of their views on the state of human nature, Locke clearly believes that humans are naturally content with one another due to tolerance of fellow man. Rousseau believed that the natural state of man was far more aggressive, and the social contract of man existed merely for survival.

Raina Petkoff and her Cover-up Essay Example for Free

Raina Petkoff and her Cover-up turn outBernard Shaws works make us doubt principles and ideals, which we accepted without a question. The economic status of the Petkoffs is one of wealth, and the accompaniment that they are rich makes us think of a well-mannered and educated family, especially the teenaged girlfriend. The late girl should give us a sense of nobility and in fact she does in this story. The young girl in coat of arms and the Man gives us the impression that she is an ideal daughter, lover and citizen. But is she very? This girl tries to portray this stereotypical personality but proves not to be quite the noble girl she plays. At a certain point she sees herself in a very compromising position and is strained to change.As the play begins and we start getting to know this girl, Raina Petkoff we start noticing that she is a bit vain. The stage directions go as follows On the balcony a young lady, intensely conscious of the romantic beauty of the night, and o f the fact that her suffer youth and beauty are part of it (1561). This excerpt takes a panache some of the innocence she portrays in a subtle way. The next deception comes when the Swiss enters through the window instead of screaming for wait on she decides to help him hide. She even lies to the Bulgarian officer who is looking for the Swiss, betraying her own country. Raina and the Swiss get to know each other(a) a little, and with his experience he can see right through her. He instantly observed the superficial coating over a very rough interior.The mother, Catherine, proves to be the same when she abandons her patriotism and committal and helps the Serb officer to hide and even escape the next morning. Like father, like son they say. But the biggest impress comes when the Swiss or Serbian officer or Bluntschli blows Rainas cover. Raina is outraged or pretends to be when Bluntschli throws the truth at her face. He calls her a liar and insists on it. She gets furious at fir st, but gives in when she realizes shes got no way out. Her reaction is I IHow did you find me out? (1591).And here she confesses that the noble attitude and the electrifying function is just a cover-up. This is Rainas turning point. We could say that at this point she went from existence a girl to being a woman at this point she matured. Another important fact to my case is the picture of herself she left in the jacket for Bluntschli to find, and the message it contained. My chocolate cream soldier (1603) is the name Raina gives Bluntschli in the dedication of the picture. This ennoble given to Bluntschli suggests some type of affection that at this point is obvious but if the audience had intimate of it as it happened chronologically it would be very shocking.After the turning point described above, Raina becomes a more outgoing and sincere person. She describes her own cover-up personality as a noble attitude and thrilling voice (1591) to Bluntschli. Raina also says Blunts chli is the first person that didnt take her fake personality seriously. She confesses to the point that she mocks the people who commit her noble self by saying I did it when I was a child to my nurse. She believed in it. I do it before my parents. They believe in it. I do it before Sergius. He believes in it (1591). That consequent of calling her a liar made Raina mature. It was a turning point in the life of this timbre and in the plot of Arms and the Man.Bernard Shaw uses his comedies to criticize many ideals by mocking them. In the case of Arms and the Man he takes the nobility of a wealthy, respected family and destroys it by mocking many of its aspects. In this act I analyze how Shaw takes the view of innocence of a young, noble, rich girl and changes it to make it crude reality, he makes the Petkoffs look like common people with very little nobility.Works CitedShaw, George Bernard. Arms and the Man. Literature training Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and the Essay. Ed. Robert DiYanni. 5th Ed. New York McGraw, 2002. 1561-1604.

Quality Improvement Plan Essay Example for Free

Quality Improvement Plan EssayExecutive thicksetTodays educational system is becoming increasingly competitive for both students and institutions. Total smell management is an procession that seeks to improve quality and per take formance in an organizations operations. It looks at the overall quality measures including managing the quality design and tuition as well as quality maintenance and value. In addition, it takes into account all quality measures at all levels especially for students. Because of quality management we were satisfactory to comprehend and seek solution to the problems regarding the uniform insurance. We were able to visualize the outcome of our proposal if this could be enforced.I. PROBLEM STATEMENTThe following quality issues noted during the real observation in the standard policy of uniform at Far Eastern University Business midwayQuality Problem 1What impart be the appropriate actions necessary to enhance the quality improvement of the univer sitys standard policy regarding its uniform?Quality Problem 2How will the University encourage the students to admit with the said standards?Quality Problem 3How will the FEU improve student awareness and obedience with comply to the implemented rules about uniform?Quality Problem 4How will the university achieve consistency with regards to the rules implemented about the required uniform?Quality Problem 5What will be the corrective actions require to stop the piracy of universityuniform by external sewers or producers?II. QUALITY TOOLFishbone DiagramIII. topic CAUSE OF THE PROBLEMBased on the cause-and-effect diagram (fish bone diagram) we noted the following attributions to the observed quality problemMANPOWERa. Whatb. Wentc. WrongMATERIALa. Whatb. Wentc. WrongMACHINEa. Whatb. Wentc. WrongMETHODSa. Whatb. Wentc. WrongMOTHER personalitya. Whatb. Wentc. WrongIV.RECOMMENDATION AND BENEFITSRecommendationsBenefits1. The FEU should develop only one standard uniform for both female and male students. (implementation of this numerate will be discussed in the next sub heading)This will prevent confusion in identifying FEU students and range fair presentation that unity exists in our school.2. The FEU should provide an orientation per institute before the start of conformation concerning the guidelines for proper wearing of uniform w/ corresponding punishment for students of non-compliance with uniform policy. (Ex standard length of girls skirts, wearing of rubber shoes, etc.)Specifically, female students are benefited with this in terms of eliminating the erroneous reputation for it will provide pleasing impression to them but it will also promote good character of the school.3. FEUs student council per institute should effectively disseminate the new implemented uniform policy approved by the Institutes Deans and considering enough time for the students to be prepared.Announcing personally increases students adherence to the policy and prevents student comp laints of information from unreliable sources.4. All of the said recommendations above would be crucial to maintain so we recommend that FEU should have its own official Tailoring Shop inside the school.Student accessibility and convenience, consistency, less(prenominal) costly service, and prevents delays.V.IMPLEMENTATION PLAN AND BUDGETVI. APPENDICESA. GLOSSARYLogistics refers to the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, services, and connect information from point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of conforming to customer requirements. Note that this translation includes inbound, outbound, internal, and external movements, and return of materials for environmental purposes.Process refersQuality refersStandard refersSystem refersB. QUALITY FORMSPaste the scanned form (existing and the proposed form to be used)C. REFERENCESISO 90012000, 4.2.2 Control of DocumentsISO 90012000, 4.2.3 Control of RecordsISO 90012000, 5.1 Management CommitmentISO 90012000, 5.2 Customer FocusISO 90012000, 5.4 PlanningISO 90012000, 6.0 option ManagementISO 90012000, 6.1 Provision of ResourcesISO 90012000, 6.2.2 Competence, Awareness and trainingISO 90012000, 6.3 InfrastructureISO 90012000, 6.4 Work environmentISO 90012000, 7.4 Customer-related processes, 7.2.1, 7.2.2. 7.2.3 ISO 90012000, 7.5.3 Identification and traceabilityCouncil of Logistics Management, http//www.clm1.org/mission.html, 12 Feb 98) http//www.logisticsworld.com/logistics.htm

Character Analysis of Romeo Essay Example for Free

Character Analysis of Romeo EssayThe play Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy write by William Shakespeare in which Romeo is a tragic hero, who is the son of Montague and falls in love with Juliet from his feud family, Capulet, at their first glance of each other. Shakespeare uses several rhetoric devices in Romeos lines to suggest that Romeo is a sentimentalist yet rash figure. As Russ McDonald mentions in his essay Shakespeares tragic characters are visionaries, purists, idealists 1, Romeo satisfies to be an idealist, who believes that he is tone ending to have an adorable life with Juliet plainly gets totally messed up when things turn down. First, Heaven is here where Juliet lives and every cat and dog and little mouse, everything horrible thing live here in paradise and may facial expression on her, but Romeo may not They may seize on the corpuscle wonder of dear Juliets hand and steal immortal blessing from her lips 2 Both prosopopoeia and parable are used in this quot e in order to vividly describe the ruefulness in Romeos heart. Human behaviours are applied to every dog, cat, mouse and other unworthy things that they cigaret seize and steal.Evidently, to seize the white wonder and to steal immortal blessing from her lips are things that Romeo wants to do rather than he wants those animals to do. It is also suggested that Romeo would rather to be those animals instead of him to stay with Juliet given that he has been sentenced banishment. These things draw that Romeo is suffering from anguish that he is going to leave Juliet and regarding himself as one that ranks lower those cats, dog, mice and other unworthy things.Moreover, heaven, in this context does not refer to the mystify where people live after they die. Actually, Shakespeare uses metaphor here to refer heaven to the place where Juliet lives but Romeo is prohibited to live. On the other hand, Romeo implies that he is going to a place like the hell. The contrast between the heaven and the hell is so strong that Romeo is illogical because before he believed that he would lead a sweet life with Juliet. At this point, I finish that Romeo is round character in this play.Round characters are defined to be those who are more complex, who stir their minds, attitudes, and actions, or who take readers through a process of conflict along with them. 3 Before Romeo is sentenced, he was assuming that he was going to stay with Juliet after he married Juliet and most of the readers think so. precisely given that Romeo kills Tybalt and he is exiled, things turn to the dark side so that Romeo becomes sorrowful by which the reader is shocked.Second, Eyes, look your last. Arms, take your last embrace. And, lips, O, you the doors of breath, seal with a righteous kiss a dateless bargain to bewitching death. 4 This piece contains imperative sentences that Romeo does certain things to show his magnificent love to Juliet straight from his heart. It is also an good-hearted detail , which carefully depicts the actions of Romeos eyes, arms and lips and which the reader is able to visualize in their head.As Gail Kern prickle mentions in his essay Rather Romeo and Juliets love is a social problem, unresolvable except by their deaths, because they dare to marry secretly in an age when legal, consummated marriage was irreversible 5, in that historic context, in order to show that he is still loving Juliet not anyone else, he has no choices but to kill himself. Third, Hence banished is banished from the world, And worlds exile is death. Then banished is death mistermed. Calling death banished, honey oil cuttst my head off with a golden ax 6.In this quote, the word banished is repeated several times. much(prenominal) a repetition shows enormous grief that exists in Romeos heart and his unwillingness to leave the place where Juliet lives. Moreover, Romeo regards banishment as death and the fantasy, cuttst my head off with a golden ax. At this point, I think that Romeo is quite rash and pessimistic. As Russ McDonald mentions they are like children, for their idealistic conception of the world is usually marked by a radical rest and naivete 7, I state that it is Romeos simplicity and naivete that he equals banishment to death.In my opinion, it is just a tiny stumble block in his life as every other individual will have and Romeo is so rash that he is demanding death. Fourth, her beauty makes this vault a feasting present full of light. 8 The hyperbolic language in this quote suggests that Romeo sees that Juliet presents impressive and glorious beauty, which looks light. Again, it is a very strong piece of language to emphasise the pixilated status of Juliet in Romeos mind.

Pavlovian Conditioning’s Cause and Effect Relationship With Overdose Essay Example for Free

Pavlovian Conditionings shell and Effect Relationship With Over pane of glass EssaySummary Harm diminution JournalGerevich, Bacskai, Farkas, and Danics case make known studied if Pavlovian instruct can commandly relate to death from dose. The case followed a immature that had been treated multiple times for an addiction to heroin. As a result for the multiple treatments studies have a bun in the oven steern that do medicines overdose occurs most frequently when the patient accustomed to the medicate gives up its use then afterward a while attempts to continue addictive behavior with the same dose before withdrawal. His daily dose had not differed even the fatal overdose, thus proving the teach tolerance failed to operate. This indicates that morphine c at wholeness timentrations measured in cases of drug related death do not differ substantially form those measured in cases where the progeny is not fatal. Conditioning can contri bute to prevention of fatal cases however, also contribute to cases of tolerance beseeming fatal.Summary Pavlovian instruct and Drug o.d. When Tolerance FailsSiegels performed a study of that which Pavlovian conditioning and drug overdose play an important and integral relationship with iodine another. Siegel researched and studied cases of overdose and examined rats injected with an opiate. He observed that Pavlovian conditioning contributes to tolerance when the exploiter begins to make observations of the entraps of the drug in the presence of discriminative stimuluss that were previously paired with the drug. Two stimuli are present and one willing presumably predict the other, this includes the drug. When the tolerance the chance for overdose increases as well. The un knowing stimulant drug in Pavlovs conditioning is the effect of the drug.This conditioning makes relapsing common be exploit of the craving for unconditioned stimulus. It is prerequisite to allow extinction the cues that are presented with the drug in order for recovery. Overdose doesnt necessarily have to come from the conditioning process but many experiments verify a higher risk if conditions are present.In 1927 Ivan Pavlov studied a direct relationship between a conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus. As the result of as series of conditionings, Pavlov discovered that the conditioned stimulus is able to create the same response as the unconditioned stimulus over a period of time. The relationship of the two is evident and a major factor in fatal overdoses, whether in drug overdose or binge imbibing. The correlation between classic conditioning and overdose can be observed where tolerance fails. If one were to treat an addiction, one must distinguish the conditioning process and eliminate conditioned cues related with the drug (Bacskai, Danics, Farkas Gerevich, 2005). Cases where tolerance failed can be outright found in classical conditioning involved with drug or drinking paired cues and purlieual cues as well as associated with the addiction, therefore the cue must be eliminated in order for becoming recovery.Tolerance plays a crucial role in overdose as well as addiction. Overdose becomes fatal when tolerance does not occur. According to Siegel, Evidence that drug tolerance depends not only upon ingest with the drug but also experience with the drug-paired cues (p. 505, 2001). Addicts suffer from overdose primarily because they do not show the level of tolerance that they expect in drug-experienced individuals (Siegel, 2001). Those suffering with addiction have become conditioned not only physically, but also emotionally in need of the high that is released with a substance. The addiction is the conditioned stimulus, which leaves room for the make of the drug or drink to be the unconditioned stimulus. Siegel found that events that occur during the drug administration directly correspond to a Pavlovian conditioning trial (2001). Over time the effects become a co nditioned response in which they will relate the experience of the high as a cue. Cues are dangerous when dealing with conditioning and treatment.Cues accompanying the drug effect function as CSs, and the direct drug effect constitutes the UCS. Prior to any learning, this UCS elicits responses- UCRs- that compensate for drug-induced disturbances. After some pairings of the pre-drugs CS and pharmacologic UCS, the drug compensatory response are elicited by drug-paired stimuli as CRs (Siegel, 2001, p. 505). Thus, in approach to treatment forward to an overdose, the cues must be eliminated. In the study by Siegel, it is studied that drugs and alcohol in particular will have a greater impact if they are administered in the presence of unique cues rather than in the presence of predictable cues that it is associated with (2011). In Bacskai, Danics, Farkas and Gerevich study, they followed the life of an addict which overdosed and claimed that the user could not recover properly callabl e to learned conditioning regarding his heroin addiction. In the autopsy cut through they were able to clarify that his over dosage was the exact same as his normal dosage of .05mg/L. The fatal consequences of the heroin injection may have been caused by the failure in the action of conditioned tolerance (Bacskai, Danics, Farkas Gerevich, 2005).Environmental cues are also factors of conditioning that are paired with cases of overdose. The term tolerance situational-specificity, according to Siegel, results because we prepare ourselves in advance for the psychological changes produced by the drug when we are provided with certain cues that a drug or drink can imminent (2011). An example can be concurn from Shapiro and Nathan in1986 when they studied the relationship between environmental cues and substance ingested. They had two groups, one that drank at home and one that drank in the lab environment. After 10 days they reversed the environment for the remaining participants. Up on the discovery they realized that those who had consumed alcohol in the lab environment were less affected in their performance tasks than those who consumed alcohol in the home environment. This demonstrating that tolerance was situationally precise to the environment in which the alcohol was once consumed. Environmental cues can be anywhere from a party to a room in a house. They can also be an atmosphere or specific type of people. It is important to identify these cues isolated from the actual addiction. Now that cues can be identified separate from the drug of drink, the conditionedresponse must be eliminated in order to treat recovery. Pavlov discovered that in order to eliminate a behavior, it is necessary to remove or substitute the conditioned stimulus.In order to eliminate any such cue, one must identify the cues present. In severe cases one might create a lesion in the hippocampal sweep located in the brain but it is not completely necessary. The most exchangeablely case in elimination is when a conditioned response becomes extinct. In order for extinction to occur the conditioned stimulus must be presented without the unconditioned stimulus. An example of a drug or drinking paired cue could be a positive or negative factor, like vomiting or, a party like environment. The cue can be created with induced vomiting when the drug or alcohol is present. This creates a terror tactic, which becomes associated with the addiction and thus making one afraid of the substance. Environmental cues can be both unsophisticated and difficult to eliminate. One must be taken out of his or hers setting of addiction. This could mean a living room, bathroom, party scene, work scene, or anywhere that the drug or drinking is associated with. These environments can cause pressure in the subconscious toward the substance. Remember the Shapiro and Nathan experiment in1986 environment does affect ones posture toward the addiction. In Siegels 2001 study he discovered tha t when heroin was injected in an unfamiliar place the user is not as dangerous or place to overdose. The dangers of not eliminating cues can allow tolerance to take its role until overdose occurs. Users familiar with the concept of conditioned place preference could have greater chances of extract than those who are not aware of it (Bacskai, Danics, Farkas Gerevich, 2005). Demonstrating that it is necessary for the cues to be eliminated to reduce the risk of overdose.Therefore, Pavlovs conditioning has a direct and present relationship involved in overdose cases. Conditioning turns unconditioned stimulus into conditioned responses. The responses can act as cues, which can trigger the addiction. Cues can be both drug, or drinking paired and environmentally stimulated. Tolerance has been proven to fail in fatal cases of overdose due to classical conditioning. In order to recover properly these cues must be eliminated. Treatments can include anything from fear tactics, to removingthe consummate substance. Severe cases of addiction, which relate to overdose can be treated with lesions in the brain.ReferencesGerevich, J., Bacskai, E., Farkas, L., Danics, Z. (2005). A case report Pavlovian conditioning as a risk factor of heroin overdose death. Harm Reduction Journal, 2. Siegel, S. (2011). The Four-Loko Effect. Perspective on Psychological Science, 6, 357-361. Siegel, S. (2001). Pavlovian conditioning and drug overdose When tolerance fails. Addiction interrogation and Theory, 9, 503-513. Shapiro, A. P., Nathan, P. E. (1986). Human tolerance to alcohol The role of Pavlovian conditioning processes. Psychopharmacology, 88, 90, 95.

How to Manage Your Stress Wisely Essay Example for Free

How to Manage Your emphasise Wisely EssayStress is defined as a physiological response that occur when an organism fails to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats (Selye, 1956, p.1). It croup also be defined as something that puts a strain on your health and overall well-being. Stress is considered The Unseen Killer according to Charles Stangor. I, personally, define focal point as the number one killer. I call up stress is the behind the scenes killer to many different illnesses like high blood pressure, strokes, spirit attacks and neuronic break downs. People are faced with stress every day when it comes to daily life situations. Jobs power stress, schoolwork causes stress, traffic causes stress, relationships cause stress and illnesses cause stress. According to the The Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale, based upon a survey of everyday life events that could cause stress show up of 2,500 military soldiers, there are 40 leading stressors that lead to people being put in the hospital (Rahe, R. H.,1970, p.12).People become hospitalized because they do not cognize how to draw away stress. If people had a better response to stress and different shipway to manage stress, they may be healthier. Since stress is a behind the scenes murderer, I have decided to piece some stress guidance exercises with my best friend. She has been going through a divorce. She is now a private mother of two eight year old twins. She has a full time job and she is a part time student. Not only does she have a lot of responsibility, she is also hoping for a onward motion to become project manager for her current employer. Between all the juggling schedules and making time for herself, she is beyond stressed. She has lost weight, her hair is falling out, and she never makes enough time to relax. I have come up with a stress management guide that I think willing be jockful for her. I find that the power of positive thinking is a great beginning.The best anti dote for stress is a happy one Think positively, have fun, and enjoy the company of others (Stangor, 2013). Wake up with the thought of today will be a great day. Being pollyannaish about life will armed service her with dealing with her daily issues she is faced with. Optimistic thinking helps remove doubt and negative thoughts. Being optimistic about her daily life will help nurture positive thinking. I want her to know that, even though things seem overwhelming, there is plenty to be happy about. She has two beautiful red-blooded children, a stable career that is considering making her a project manager, a stable environment that her children erect rest in, and, although she is divorcing, it can bring a new beginning.I also recommend more provision and time management. With planning and time management, it can reduce stress and the feeling of being overwhelmed and rushed. It will help her self-efficacy, which will help her be proactive and give her the satisfaction of some accomplishment. She can plan out her week, which will allow her some free time for social support from friends and family. Social support will be uplifting to her and let her know that she has a support team. Last, but not least, to help her manage her stress, I would allow her to choose an activity for us to do weekly. Some good stress management activities would be exercising, meditation, shopping, eating out, activities with the kids or just basic girls night out.This time will enable her to be free from some worries and have some fun, laughs, and relaxation. Laughing is truly good for the body and fun brings laughs. placidity removes tension and allows the body to be at ease mentally and physically. In conclusion, stress management is bouncy to our health. It has a big impact on our overall health as far as our moods, heart condition, and mental state. I hope that this information on stress will help her manage her stress and know the facts about stress. Being hygienic and st ress free is an important factor in healthy living.CitedSelye, H. (2013). Introduction to Psychology, v. 1.0., 10.2 (1) Irvington, NY Flatworld Knowledge, Inc., http//www.flatworldknowledge.comRahe, R. H. (2013). Introduction to Psychology, v. 1.0., 10.2 (12) Irvington, NY Flatworld Knowledge, Inc., http//www.flatworldknowledge.comStangor, C. (2013). Introduction to Psychology, v. 1.0., Irvington, NY Flatworld Knowledge, Inc., http//www.flatworldknowledge.com